When it comes to glucose, a body-builder is not too concerned, although he should while on medication as the blood sugar levels can be adversely affected. If we add that fact that most body-builders take in abnormal levels of carbs, these extreme levels could be the onset of diabetes.

Aspartate transferase; This is an enzyme that is present in the heart and liver and if it’s level is at a raised count, it would normally indicate the presence of viral hepatitis or too much alcohol. It can also put down to the breakdown of skeletal muscle tissues, a result of heavy weight training. The normal levels present are measured at about 45.

Alaine Transferase; A primary liver enzyme elevated from alcohol abuse, viral illness or diseases of the liver. (I get an elevated level from my Sarcoidosis, other diseases will also elevate this enzyme marker). Usually higher in males. Normal count is 40.

Alkaline Phosphatase is one of the enzymes that is found in our liver and our bones and its average range can vary on whether our bones are growing or not, so it tends to increase as we get older. Body builders will only experience increased levels if they use growth hormone in their cycle and it is advisable to inform your GP, otherwise you might be diagnosed as having bone disease. The normal average range found present in a fully grown adult is between 30 and 95.

Creatine Phosphatase is an enzyme found in our organism and if a high rate is found in adults with a normal daily activity, it could indicate kidney disease, muscle injury or acute injury. If you as a body builder have a high level, you will have to tell your doctor that your high levels are probably only due to 500lb dead lift you did the day before, where as my high levels are due to my supplement with creatine monohydrate. The average rate is 225.

The levels of BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) would normally average 9 – 24 in a average active person, and high levels could indicate a high protein intake or excessive protein breakdown. A body builder will probably taking on a daily average of 3 – 4 whey protein or protein isolate powder preparations, so make sure you mention that one to the Doctor too.

There is a 17-alpha-alkylated chemical attached to most oral steroids, which keeps the liver from destroying the active ingredients once it passes through. This of course causes wear and tear (like the wear and tear on your mouth you would expect chewing glass-fiber chewing gum) so if you have a potential for liver problems avoid oral anabolics that have been 17-alpha-alkylated treated. If in doubt buy the Layman’s Guides I and II to find a more liver friendly anabolic stack.